What type of immunity does the body develop after overcoming a disease or through vaccination?

Acquired immunity is the correct term for the type of immunity developed after overcoming a disease or through vaccination. This form of immunity is characterized by the body's ability to recognize and combat specific pathogens that it has encountered previously. When a person is exposed to a disease-causing organism, the immune system generates a response by creating antibodies that specifically target that organism. This process also occurs with vaccinations, which introduce a harmless form of the pathogen, prompting the immune system to produce a memory response without causing the disease itself.

Acquired immunity can further be categorized into active immunity, which is developed when the body itself generates antibodies, and passive immunity, where antibodies are transferred from another source. Both of these mechanisms contribute to the body’s defense system, enabling it to respond more effectively to future infections by the same pathogen.